2020 
R'000
 
2019 
Restated 
R'000 
  
19.  Deferred taxation 
Deferred taxation assets  1 588 036  845 421    
Deferred taxation liabilities  (3 016 417) (1 463 126)   
Net deferred taxation liability  (1 428 381) (617 705)   
Movement in net deferred taxation assets and liabilities 
Balance at beginning of year  (617 705) (448 181)   
Transfer from discontinued operations  207 064  –    
Per consolidated income statement  463 323  (54 514)   
Items recognised directly in equity, other comprehensive income  (162 796) 74 501    
Movement in discontinued operations    (5 383)   
On acquisition of businesses and recognition of subsidiary  (1 234 833) (128 250)   
On disposal of businesses  (852) (33 122)   
Exchange rate adjustments  (82 582) (22 756)   
(1 428 381) (617 705)   
             
Assets 
R'000
 
   Liabilities 
R'000
 
Net 
R'000
 
  
Temporary differences 
2020 
Differential between carrying values and tax values of property, plant and equipment  191 640     (889 275) (697 635)   
Differential between carrying values and tax values of intangible assets  31 995     (2 044 981) (2 012 986)   
Right-of-use assets  (967 185)    (443 595) (1 410 780)   
Lease liabilities  1 104 533     482 482  1 587 015    
Estimated taxation losses  349 179     (56 139) 293 039    
Staff related allowances and liabilities  344 303     2 923  347 227    
Operating lease liabilities  (364)    (11 720) (12 084)   
Inventories  116 419     (7 837) 108 582    
Investments  21 267     (234 211) (212 944)   
Trade and other receivables  52 236     (1 676) 50 560    
Trade, other payables and provisions  344 013     187 612    531 625    
1 588 036     (3 016 417)   (1 428 381)   
2019 
Differential between carrying values and tax values of property, plant and equipment  30 309     (718 159) (687 850)   
Differential between carrying values and tax values of intangible assets  (2 777)    (717 104) (719 881)   
Estimated taxation losses  106 725     62 418  169 143    
Staff related allowances and liabilities  441 165     20 391  461 556    
Operating lease liabilities  40 112     4 705  44 817    
Inventories  50 714     (9 083) 41 631    
Investments  26 036     (111 045) (85 009)   
Trade and other receivables  16 546     (13 331) 3 215    
Trade, other payables and provisions  136 591     18 082    154 673    
845 421     (1 403 126)     (617 705)   

  Deferred taxation has been provided at rates ranging between 10% – 45% (2019: 10% – 45%). The variance in rates arises as a result of the differing taxation and capital gains taxation rates present in the various countries in which the Group operates.